Delays or changes in weather can cause emergencies.  Even on short day hikes, each person should take and know how to use these items:

1. Navigation - Topographic map and compass.
2. Food - Extra food and water.  Boiling water kills giardia; treatment pills may not.
3. Clothing - Extra clothing, including rain gear, wool socks, sweater, gloves, and hat.
4. Light - Flashlight with spare bulb and batteries.
5. Fire - Waterproof matches and fire starter, such as a candle.
6. Sun Protection - Sunglasses and sunscreen.
7. First Aid - Aid kit including any special medications you may need.
8. Knife - A folding pocket knife.
9. Signal - Audible & Visual: whistle & metal mirror.
10. Emergency Shelter - Plastic tube shelter or waterproof bivouac sack.